A memorial service and a military drill were held on South Korea's Yeonpyeong Island Friday as the country marked the second anniversary of the shelling on the island by North Korea.
South Korean Public Administration and Security Minister Maeng Hyung-kyu joined mourners to pay tribute to those killed in the artillery.
North Korea on Friday warned of artillery attack on the border island if South Korea went ahead with commemorative events.
"It is our steadfast will not to miss the opportunity to do so if the warmongers perpetrate another provocation," the official KCNA news agency quoted an official as saying.
Despite the threat, the South Korean military conducted simulated and field exercises in and around the island.
Defense officials stressed that no live artillery rounds were used in an apparent effort to avoid provoking Pyongyang.