The archaeological site of Pompeii in Italy Photo: AFP

Vivid frescoes and never-before-seen inscriptions were among the treasures unearthed in a massive years-long restoration of the world-famous archeological site Pompeii that came to a close Tuesday. 

The painstaking project saw an army of workers reinforce walls, repair collapsing structures and excavate untouched areas of the sprawling site, Italy's second most visited tourist destination after Rome's Colosseum.

New discoveries were made too, in areas of the ruins not yet explored by modern-day archaeologists at the site - frequently pillaged for jewels and artifacts over the centuries.

"When you excavate in Pompeii there are always surprises," the site's general director Massimo Osanna told reporters Tuesday. 

Archeologists discovered in October a vivid fresco depicting an armor-clad gladiator standing victorious as his wounded opponent gushes blood, painted in a tavern believed to have housed the fighters as well as prostitutes.

And in 2018, an inscription was uncovered that proves the city near Naples was destroyed after October 17, 79 AD, and not on August 24 as previously believed. 

That might not be the end of fresh discoveries. 

"It's certain that by carrying out other excavation projects in areas never explored before, the discoveries will be extraordinary," Osanna added. 

Kicked off in 2014, the restoration enlisted teams of archaeologists, architects, engineers, geologists and anthropologists and cost $113 million, largely covered by the European Union. 

The project was initiated after UNESCO warned in 2013 it could strip the site of its World Heritage status after a series of collapses blamed on lax maintenance and bad weather. But the project has breathed new life into the historic site.  

On Tuesday, workers carefully restored ancient frescoes, hues dulled by years of dirt and calcifications. 

"You have to be careful not to take off too much," explained Aldo Guida, who was scratching at the surface of the oxblood walls of the "House of Lovers," a two-storey home in the complex that was closed for repair after an earthquake in 1980. 

"Little by little," he added, with a smile. 

The giant eruption of Mount Vesuvius devastated the ancient Roman city of Pompeii nearly 2,000 years ago, covering everything in its path with volcanic ash. 

That sediment helped to preserve many buildings almost in their original state.

Some of the site has been closed to the public during the restoration, including several family residences for the upper classes.  

Though the bulk of the restoration work is now complete, director Osanna said running repairs will never truly be over.   

"It's a city in ruins," he said. "The attention we pay to it must never stop."